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Siin-Fa-ha
to be foolish/stupid/silly/fickle/ignorant/imprudent, want of judgement, folly, light or witted, to become unwise, lose the mind, deem anyone foolish, destroy, deny miserably, levity, one who is foolish.
safiha
vb. (1) perf. act.
2:130
وَمَنْ يَرْغَبُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِلاَّ مَنْ سَفِه ََ نَفْسَه ُُ وَلَقَدِ اصْطَفَيْنَاه ُُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِنَّه ُُ فِي الآخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Wa Man Yarghabu `An Millati 'Ibrāhīma 'Illā Man Safiha Nafsahu Wa Laqadi Aşţafaynāhu Fī Ad-Dunyā Wa 'Innahu Fī Al-'Ākhirati Lamina Aş-Şāliĥīna
And who would abandon the creed of Abraham except one who fools himself? We have selected him in this world, and in the Hereafter he is of the righteous.
n.vb.
safah
6:140
قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوا أَوْلاَدَهُمْ سَفَها ً بِغَيْرِ عِلْم ٍ وَحَرَّمُوا مَا رَزَقَهُمُ اللَّهُ افْتِرَاءً عَلَى اللَّهِ قَدْ ضَلُّوا وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ
Qad Khasira Al-Ladhīna Qatalū 'Awlādahum Safahāan Bighayri `Ilmin Wa Ĥarramū Mā Razaqahumu Allāhu Aftirā'an `Alá Allāhi Qad Đallū Wa Mā Kānū Muhtadīna
Losers are those who have killed their children foolishly, without knowledge, and they forbade what God had granted them by lying about God. They have strayed and they were not guided.
safahah
n.vb.
7:66
قَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ~ِ إِنَّا لَنَرَاكَ فِي سَفَاهَة ٍ وَإِنَّا لَنَظُنُّكَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ
Qāla Al-Mala'u Al-Ladhīna Kafarū Min Qawmihi 'Innā Lanarāka Fī Safāhatin Wa 'Innā Lanažunnuka Mina Al-Kādhibīna
The leaders who rejected from among his people said: "We see you in foolishness, and we think you are one of the liars"
7:67
قَالَ يَاقَوْمِ لَيْسَ بِي سَفَاهَة ٌ وَلَكِنِّي رَسُول ٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
Qāla Yā Qawmi Laysa Bī Safāhatun Wa Lakinnī Rasūlun Min Rabbi Al-`Ālamīna
He said: "My people, there is no foolishness in me, but I am a messenger from the Lord of the worlds."
safih
n.m. (pl. sufaha)
2:13
وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ آمِنُوا كَمَا آمَنَ النَّاسُ قَالُوا أَنُؤْمِنُ كَمَا آمَنَ السُّفَهَاءُ أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ السُّفَهَاءُ وَلَكِنْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ
Wa 'Idhā Qīla Lahum 'Āminū Kamā 'Āmana An-Nāsu Qālū 'Anu'uminu Kamā 'Āmana As-Sufahā'u 'Alā 'Innahum Humu As-Sufahā'u Wa Lakin Lā Ya`lamūna
And if they are told: "Believe, as the people have believed," they say: "Shall we believe like the foolish have believed?" No, they are the foolish but they do not know.
2:13
وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ آمِنُوا كَمَا آمَنَ النَّاسُ قَالُوا أَنُؤْمِنُ كَمَا آمَنَ السُّفَهَاءُ أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ السُّفَهَاءُ وَلَكِنْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ
Wa 'Idhā Qīla Lahum 'Āminū Kamā 'Āmana An-Nāsu Qālū 'Anu'uminu Kamā 'Āmana As-Sufahā'u 'Alā 'Innahum Humu As-Sufahā'u Wa Lakin Lā Ya`lamūna
And if they are told: "Believe, as the people have believed," they say: "Shall we believe like the foolish have believed?" No, they are the foolish but they do not know.
2:142
سَيَقُولُ السُّفَهَاءُ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَا وَلاَّهُمْ عَنْ قِبْلَتِهِمُ الَّتِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهَا قُلْ لِلَّهِ الْمَشْرِقُ وَالْمَغْرِبُ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ إِلَى صِرَاط ٍ مُسْتَقِيم ٍ
Sayaqūlu As-Sufahā'u Mina An-Nāsi Mā Wa Llāhum `An Qiblatihimu Allatī Kānū `Alayhā Qul Lillāhi Al-Mashriqu Wa Al-Maghribu Yahdī Man Yashā'u 'Ilá Şirāţin Mustaqīmin
The foolish from among the people will say: "What has turned them away from the focal point that they were on?" Say: "To God are the east and the west, He guides whomsoever He wishes to a straight path."
2:282
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا تَدَايَنتُمْ بِدَيْن ٍ إِلَى أَجَل ٍ مُسَمّى ً فَاكْتُبُوه ُُ وَلْيَكْتُبْ بَيْنَكُمْ كَاتِب ٌ بِالْعَدْلِ وَلاَ يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْ وَلْيُمْلِلِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ رَبَّه ُُ وَلاَ يَبْخَسْ مِنْهُ شَيْئا ً فَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ سَفِيهاً أَوْ ضَعِيفاً أَوْ لاَ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّه ُُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَاسْتَشْهِدُوا شَهِيدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُل ٌ وَامْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَدَاءِ أَنْ تَضِلَّ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى وَلاَ يَأْبَ الشُّهَدَاءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُوا وَلاَ تَسْأَمُوا أَنْ تَكْتُبُوه ُُ صَغِيراً أَوْ كَبِيرا ً إِلَى أَجَلِه ِِ ذَلِكُمْ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَأَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَادَةِ وَأَدْنَى أَلاَّ تَرْتَابُوا إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً حَاضِرَة ً تُدِيرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَلاَّ تَكْتُبُوهَا وَأَشْهِدُوا إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْ وَلاَ يُضَارَّ كَاتِب ٌ وَلاَ شَهِيد ٌ وَإِنْ تَفْعَلُوا فَإِنَّه ُُ فُسُوق ٌ بِكُمْ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيم ٌ
Yā 'Ayyuhā Al-Ladhīna 'Āmanū 'Idhā Tadāyantum Bidaynin 'Ilá 'Ajalin Musammáan Fāktubūhu Wa Līaktub Baynakum Kātibun Bil-`Adli Wa Lā Ya'ba Kātibun 'An Yaktuba Kamā `Allamahu Allāhu Falyaktub Wa Līumlili Al-Ladhī `Alayhi Al-Ĥaqqu Wa Līattaqi Allāha Rabbahu Wa Lā Yabkhas Minhu Shay'āan Fa'in Kāna Al-Ladhī `Alayhi Al-Ĥaqqu Safīhāan 'Aw Đa`īfāan 'Aw Lā Yastaţī`u 'An Yumilla Huwa Falyumlil Walīyuhu Bil-`Adli Wa Astash/hidū Shahīdayni Min Rijālikum Fa'in Lam Yakūnā Rajulayni Farajulun Wa Amra'atāni Mimman TarĐawna Mina Ash-Shuhadā'i 'An TaĐilla 'Iĥdāhumā Fatudhakkira 'Iĥdāhumā Al-'Ukhrá Wa Lā Ya'ba Ash-Shuhadā'u 'Idhā Mā Du`ū Wa Lā Tas'amū 'An Taktubūhu Şaghīrāan 'Aw Kabīrāan 'Ilá 'Ajalihi Dhālikum 'Aqsaţu `Inda Allāhi Wa 'Aqwamu Lilshshahādati Wa 'Adná 'Allā Tartābū 'Illā 'An Takūna Tijāratan ĤāĐiratan Tudīrūnahā Baynakum Falaysa `Alaykum Junāĥun 'Allā Taktubūhā Wa 'Ash/hidū 'Idhā Tabāya`tum Wa Lā YuĐārra Kātibun Wa Lā Shahīdun Wa 'In Taf`alū Fa'innahu Fusūqun Bikum Wa Attaqū Allāha Wa Yu`allimukumu Allāhu Wa Allāhu Bikulli Shay'in `Alīmun
O you who believe, if you borrow for a future period, then you shall record it. And let a scribe of justice record it for you; and let not the scribe refuse to record as God has taught him. Let him record and let the person who is borrowing dictate to him, and let him be aware of God, and let him not reduce from it anything. If the one who is borrowing is immature or weak or he cannot dictate himself, then let his guardian dictate with justice; and bring two witnesses from among your men; if there are not two men, then a man and two women from whom you will accept their testimony, so that if one of them becomes blindsided, then the one can remind the other. And let the witnesses not refuse to come if they are called. And do not fail to record it no matter how small or large until its maturity. That is more just with God and better for the testimony, and better that you do not have doubts; except if it is a trade to be done on the spot between you, then there is no sin upon you if you do not record it. And have evidence if you trade. No scribe shall be harmed nor any witness; for if you do so then it is a wickedness on your part, and be aware of God and God teaches you and God is aware of all things.
4:5
وَلاَ تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمُ الَّتِي جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ قِيَاما ً وَارْزُقُوهُمْ فِيهَا وَاكْسُوهُمْ وَقُولُوا لَهُمْ قَوْلا ً مَعْرُوفا ً
Wa Lā Tu'utū As-Sufahā'a 'Amwālakumu Allatī Ja`ala Allāhu Lakum Qiyāmāan Wa Arzuqūhum Fīhā Wa Aksūhum Wa Qūlū Lahum Qawlāan Ma`rūfāan
And do not give the immature ones your money for which God has made you overseers, and spend on them from it and clothe them, and speak to them in goodness.
7:155
وَاخْتَارَ مُوسَى قَوْمَه ُُ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلا ً لِمِيقَاتِنَا فَلَمَّا أَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ قَالَ رَبِّ لَوْ شِئْتَ أَهْلَكْتَهُمْ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَإِيَّايَ أَتُهْلِكُنَا بِمَا فَعَلَ السُّفَهَاءُ مِنَّا إِنْ هِيَ إِلاَّ فِتْنَتُكَ تُضِلُّ بِهَا مَنْ تَشَاءُ وَتَهْدِي مَنْ تَشَاءُ أَنْتَ وَلِيُّنَا فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْغَافِرِينَ
Wa Akhtāra Mūsá Qawmahu Sab`īna Rajulāan Limīqātinā Falammā 'Akhadhat/humu Ar-Rajfatu Qāla Rabbi Law Shi'ta 'Ahlaktahum Min Qablu Wa 'Īyāya 'Atuhlikunā Bimā Fa`ala As-Sufahā'u Minnā 'In Hiya 'Illā Fitnatuka TuĐillu Bihā Man Tashā'u Wa Tahdī Man Tashā'u 'Anta Walīyunā Fāghfir Lanā Wa Arĥamnā Wa 'Anta Khayru Al-Ghāfirīna
And Moses selected from his people seventy men for Our appointed time; so when the earthquake seized them, he said: "My Lord, if You wished You could have destroyed them before this, and me as well. Will you destroy us for what the foolish among us have done? It is all Your test, You misguide with it whom You please and You guide with it whom You please. You are our Supporter, so forgive us and have mercy on us; You are the Best Forgiver."
72:4
وَأَنَّه ُُ كَانَ يَقُولُ سَفِيهُنَا عَلَى اللَّهِ شَطَطا ً
Wa 'Annahu Kāna Yaqūlu Safīhunā `Alá Allāhi Shaţaţāan
And the foolish one among us used to say lies about God.
Acknowledgements:
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In their formulation we have drawn from the work of ...
Hans Wehr Dr. Laleh Bakhtiar All the believers at www.studyquran.org