Help keep us
online.
Donate today
Click here:
Thank you!
Siin-Ba-Qaf
to be in advance, go/pass before, surpass, get the better of, get in advance, precede, overtake, come first to the goal, outstrip, overcome, go forth previously, escape, go speedily, go first, race/strive/excel, prevent, the act of advancing. One who precedes or outstrips in race, foremost.
masbuq
one who is surpassed or beaten or is out run in a race.
sabaqa
vb. (1) perf. act.
7:80
وَلُوطا ً إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ~ِ أَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مَا سَبَقَكُمْ بِهَا مِنْ أَحَد ٍ مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ
Wa Lūţāan 'Idh Qāla Liqawmihi 'Ata'tūna Al-Fāĥishata Mā Sabaqakum Bihā Min 'Aĥadin Mina Al-`Ālamīna
And Lot, he said to his people: "Do you commit lewdness such as none of those of the worlds had done before?"
8:59
وَلاَ يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَبَقُوا إِنَّهُمْ لاَ يُعْجِزُونَ
Wa Lā Yaĥsabanna Al-Ladhīna Kafarū Sabaqū 'Innahum Lā Yu`jizūna
And let not those who have rejected think that they have escaped; they will never avail themselves.
8:68
لَوْلاَ كِتَاب ٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيم ٌ
Lawlā Kitābun Mina Allāhi Sabaqa Lamassakum Fīmā 'Akhadhtum `Adhābun `Ažīmun
Had it not been previously ordained from God, then a severe punishment would have afflicted you for what you took.
10:19
وَمَا كَانَ النَّاسُ إِلاَّ أُمَّة ً وَاحِدَة ً فَاخْتَلَفُوا وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَة ٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِيمَا فِيه ِِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ
Wa Mā Kāna An-Nāsu 'Illā 'Ummatan Wāĥidatan Fākhtalafū Wa Lawlā Kalimatun Sabaqat Min Rabbika LaquĐiya Baynahum Fīmā Fīhi Yakhtalifūna
The people were but one nation, then they differed. And had it not been for a previous command from your Lord, the matter would have been immediately judged between them for what they differed.
11:40
حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءَ أَمْرُنَا وَفَارَ التَّنُّورُ قُلْنَا احْمِلْ فِيهَا مِنْ كُلّ ٍ زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَهْلَكَ إِلاَّ مَنْ سَبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلُ وَمَنْ آمَنَ وَمَا آمَنَ مَعَهُ~ُ إِلاَّ قَلِيل ٌ
Ĥattá 'Idhā Jā'a 'Amrunā Wa Fāra At-Tannūru Qulnā Aĥmil Fīhā Min Kullin Zawjayni Athnayni Wa 'Ahlaka 'Illā Man Sabaqa `Alayhi Al-Qawlu Wa Man 'Āmana Wa Mā 'Āmana Ma`ahu 'Illā Qalīlun
So, when Our command came and the chamber erupted. We said: "Carry in it a pair from each kind, and your family; except those against whom the word has been issued; and whoever has believed." But those who believed with him were few.
11:110
وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيه ِِ وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَة ٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِي شَكّ ٍ مِنْهُ مُرِيب ٍ
Wa Laqad 'Ātaynā Mūsá Al-Kitāba Fākhtulifa Fīhi Wa Lawlā Kalimatun Sabaqat Min Rabbika LaquĐiya Baynahum Wa 'Innahum Lafī Shakkin Minhu Murībin
And We gave Moses the Book, yet they disputed in it; and had it not been for a word which was already given by your Lord, their case would have been judged immediately. They are in grave doubt concerning it.
20:99
كَذَلِكَ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ مَا قَدْ سَبَقَ وَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ مِنْ لَدُنَّا ذِكْرا ً
Kadhālika Naquşşu `Alayka Min 'Anbā'i Mā Qad Sabaqa Wa Qad 'Ātaynāka Min Ladunnā Dhikrāan
And it is such that We tell to you the news of what has passed. And We have given you from Us a remembrance.
20:129
وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَة ٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَاما ً وَأَجَل ٌ مُسَمّى ً
Wa Lawlā Kalimatun Sabaqat Min Rabbika Lakāna Lizāmāan Wa 'Ajalun Musammáan
And had it not been for a word already given by your Lord, they would have been held to account immediately.
21:101
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ سَبَقَتْ لَهُمْ مِنَّا الْحُسْنَى أُوْلَائِكَ عَنْهَا مُبْعَدُونَ
'Inna Al-Ladhīna Sabaqat Lahum Minnā Al-Ĥusná 'Ūlā'ika `Anhā Mub`adūna
As for those who deserved good from Us, they will be removed far away from it.
23:27
فَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِ أَنِ اصْنَعِ الْفُلْكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا وَوَحْيِنَا فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَمْرُنَا وَفَارَ التَّنُّورُ فَاسْلُكْ فِيهَا مِنْ كُلّ ٍ زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَهْلَكَ إِلاَّ مَنْ سَبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلُ مِنْهُمْ وَلاَ تُخَاطِبْنِي فِي الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا إِنَّهُمْ مُغْرَقُونَ
Fa'awĥaynā 'Ilayhi 'Ani Aşna`i Al-Fulka Bi'a`yuninā Wa Waĥyinā Fa'idhā Jā'a 'Amrunā Wa Fāra At-Tannūru Fāsluk Fīhā Min Kullin Zawjayni Athnayni Wa 'Ahlaka 'Illā Man Sabaqa `Alayhi Al-Qawlu Minhum Wa Lā Tukhāţibnī Fī Al-Ladhīna žalamū 'Innahum Mughraqūna
So We inspired him: "Construct the ship under Our eyes and Our inspiration. Then, when Our command comes and the chamber erupts, then you shall take in it a pair from each kind, and your family; except for those of them upon whom the word has come. And do not address Me regarding those who have done wrong, for they will be drowned."
29:28
وَلُوطا ً إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ~ِ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مَا سَبَقَكُمْ بِهَا مِنْ أَحَد ٍ مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ
Wa Lūţāan 'Idh Qāla Liqawmihi 'Innakum Lata'tūna Al-Fāĥishata Mā Sabaqakum Bihā Min 'Aĥadin Mina Al-`Ālamīna
And Lot, when he said to his people: "You commit a lewdness that no others in the world have done before!"
37:171
وَلَقَدْ سَبَقَتْ كَلِمَتُنَا لِعِبَادِنَا الْمُرْسَلِين
Wa Laqad Sabaqat Kalimatunā Li`ibādinā Al-Mursalīn
Our word had been decreed to Our servants who were sent.
41:45
وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيه ِِ وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَة ٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَفِي شَكّ ٍ مِنْهُ مُرِيب ٍ
Wa Laqad 'Ātaynā Mūsá Al-Kitāba Fākhtulifa Fīhi Wa Lawlā Kalimatun Sabaqat Min Rabbika LaquĐiya Baynahum Wa 'Innahum Lafī Shakkin Minhu Murībin
And We have given Moses the Book, but it was disputed in. And had it not been for the predetermined decision of your Lord, they would have been judged immediately. Indeed, they harbor many doubts about it.
42:14
وَمَا تَفَرَّقُوا إِلاَّ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ بَغْيا ً بَيْنَهُمْ وَلَوْلاَ كَلِمَة ٌ سَبَقَتْ مِنْ رَبِّكَ إِلَى أَجَل ٍ مُسَمّى ً لَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُورِثُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ لَفِي شَكّ ٍ مِنْهُ مُرِيب ٍ
Wa Mā Tafarraqū 'Illā Min Ba`di Mā Jā'ahumu Al-`Ilmu Baghyāan Baynahum Wa Lawlā Kalimatun Sabaqat Min Rabbika 'Ilá 'Ajalin Musammáan LaquĐiya Baynahum Wa 'Inna Al-Ladhīna 'Ūrithū Al-Kitāba Min Ba`dihim Lafī Shakkin Minhu Murībin
And they only divided after the knowledge had come to them, due to resentment among themselves. And had it not been for a predetermined decision from your Lord, they would have been judged immediately. Indeed, those who inherited the Book after them are full of doubts.
46:11
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَوْ كَانَ خَيْرا ً مَا سَبَقُونَا إِلَيْهِ وَإِذْ لَمْ يَهْتَدُوا بِه ِِ فَسَيَقُولُونَ هَذَا إِفْك ٌ قَدِيم ٌ
Wa Qāla Al-Ladhīna Kafarū Lilladhīna 'Āmanū Law Kāna Khayrāan Mā Sabaqūnā 'Ilayhi Wa 'Idh Lam Yahtadū Bihi Fasayaqūlūna Hādhā 'Ifkun Qadīmun
And those who had rejected said regarding those who had believed: If it were any good, they would not have beaten us to it. And when they are not able to be guided by it, they will say: This is an old fabrication!
59:10
وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِأَخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالإِيمَانِ وَلاَ تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنَا غِلّا ً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ رَءُوف ٌ رَحِيم ٌ
Wa Al-Ladhīna Jā'ū Min Ba`dihim Yaqūlūna Rabbanā Aghfir Lanā Wa Li'akhwāninā Al-Ladhīna Sabaqūnā Bil-'Īmāni Wa Lā Taj`al Fī Qulūbinā Ghillāan Lilladhīna 'Āmanū Rabbanā 'Innaka Ra'ūfun Raĥīmun
And those who came after them saying: Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us to the faith, and do not place in our hearts any animosity towards those who believed. Our Lord, You are Compassionate, Merciful.
impf. act.
15:5
مَا تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ
Mā Tasbiqu Min 'Ummatin 'Ajalahā Wa Mā Yasta'khirūna
No nation can quicken its fate, nor can they delay it.
21:27
لاَ يَسْبِقُونَه ُُ بِالْقَوْلِ وَهُمْ بِأَمْرِه ِِ يَعْمَلُونَ
Lā Yasbiqūnahu Bil-Qawli Wa Hum Bi'amrihi Ya`malūna
They do not speak ahead of Him, and on His command they act.
23:43
مَا تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ
Mā Tasbiqu Min 'Ummatin 'Ajalahā Wa Mā Yasta'khirūna
No nation can hasten its appointed time, nor can it delay.
29:4
أَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ السَّيِّئَاتِ أَنْ يَسْبِقُونَا سَاءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ
'Am Ĥasiba Al-Ladhīna Ya`malūna As-Sayyi'āti 'An Yasbiqūnā Sā'a Mā Yaĥkumūna
Or did those who sinned think that they would be ahead of Us? Miserable indeed is their judgment!
n.vb.
79:4
فَالسَّابِقَاتِ سَبْقا ً
Fālssābiqāti Sabqāan
And those that press forward in a race.
pcple. act.
9:100
وَالسَّابِقُونَ الأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالأَنصَارِ وَالَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُمْ بِإِحْسَان ٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَنَّات ٍ تَجْرِي تَحْتَهَا الأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدا ً ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Wa As-Sābiqūna Al-'Awwalūna Mina Al-Muhājirīna Wa Al-'Anşāri Wa Al-Ladhīna Attaba`ūhum Bi'iĥsānin RaĐiya Allāhu `Anhum Wa RaĐū `Anhu Wa 'A`adda Lahum Jannātin Tajrī Taĥtahā Al-'Anhāru Khālidīna Fīhā 'Abadāan Dhālika Al-Fawzu Al-`Ažīmu
And those who came early and quickly from among the emigrants and the supporters, and those who followed them in goodness; God has accepted them, and they have accepted Him; and He has prepared for them estates with rivers flowing beneath them, abiding therein eternally. Such is the great triumph.
23:61
أُوْلَائِكَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَهُمْ لَهَا سَابِقُونَ
'Ūlā'ika Yusāri`ūna Fī Al-Khayrāti Wa Hum Lahā Sābiqūna
These are the ones who race in doing good, and they are the first to it.
29:39
وَقَارُونَ وَفِرْعَوْنَ وَهَامَانَ وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُمْ مُوسَى بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا فِي الأَرْضِ وَمَا كَانُوا سَابِقِينَ
Wa Qārūna Wa Fir`awna Wa Hāmāna Wa Laqad Jā'ahum Mūsá Bil-Bayyināti Fāstakbarū Fī Al-'ArĐi Wa Mā Kānū Sābiqīna
And Qaroon, and Pharaoh, and Haamaan; Moses went to them with clear proofs. But they became arrogant in the land, and they were not the first.
35:32
ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتَابَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا فَمِنْهُمْ ظَالِم ٌ لِنَفْسِه ِِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُقْتَصِد ٌ وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِق ٌ بِالْخَيْرَاتِ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْكَبِيرُ
Thumma 'Awrathnā Al-Kitāba Al-Ladhīna Aşţafaynā Min `Ibādinā Faminhum žālimun Linafsihi Wa Minhum Muqtaşidun Wa Minhum Sābiqun Bil-Khayrāti Bi'idhni Allāhi Dhālika Huwa Al-FaĐlu Al-Kabīru
Then We inherited the Book to those whom We selected from Our servants. Subsequently, some of them wronged themselves, and others upheld it partly, while others were eager to work righteousness in accordance with the will of God; such is the great benefit.
36:40
لاَ الشَّمْسُ يَنْبَغِي لَهَا أَنْ تُدْرِكَ الْقَمَرَ وَلاَ اللَّيْلُ سَابِقُ النَّهَارِ وَكُلّ ٌ فِي فَلَك ٍ يَسْبَحُونَ
Lā Ash-Shamsu Yanbaghī Lahā 'An Tudrika Al-Qamara Wa Lā Al-Laylu Sābiqu An-Nahāri Wa Kullun Fī Falakin Yasbaĥūna
The sun is not required to overtake the moon, nor will the night precede the day; each of them is swimming in its own orbit.
56:10
وَالسَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ
Wa As-Sābiqūna As-Sābiqūna
And those foremost, who will be from those foremost?
56:10
وَالسَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ
Wa As-Sābiqūna As-Sābiqūna
And those foremost, who will be from those foremost?
79:4
فَالسَّابِقَاتِ سَبْقا ً
Fālssābiqāti Sabqāan
And those that press forward in a race.
pcple. pass.
56:60
نَحْنُ قَدَّرْنَا بَيْنَكُمُ الْمَوْتَ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَسْبُوقِينَ
Naĥnu Qaddarnā Baynakumu Al-Mawta Wa Mā Naĥnu Bimasbūqīna
We have predetermined death for you. Nothing can stop Us,
70:41
عَلَى أَنْ نُبَدِّلَ خَيْرا ً مِنْهُمْ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَسْبُوقِينَ
`Alá 'An Nubaddila Khayrāan Minhum Wa Mā Naĥnu Bimasbūqīna
To replace them with better people, We can never be defeated.
sabaqa
vb. (3) impv.
57:21
سَابِقُوا إِلَى مَغْفِرَة ٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا كَعَرْضِ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ أُعِدَّتْ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِه ِِ ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيه ِِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ
Sābiqū 'Ilá Maghfiratin Min Rabbikum Wa Jannatin `ArĐuhā Ka`arĐi As-Samā'i Wa Al-'ArĐi 'U`iddat Lilladhīna 'Āmanū Billāhi Wa Rusulihi Dhālika FaĐlu Allāhi Yu'utīhi Man Yashā'u Wa Allāhu Dhū Al-FaĐli Al-`Ažīmi
You shall race towards forgiveness from your Lord, and a Paradise whose width is as the width of the heaven and the earth, prepared for those who believed in God and His messengers. Such is the grace of God that He bestows upon whoever He wills. God is the Possessor of Infinite Grace.
istabaqa
vb. (8) perf. act.
12:25
وَاسْتَبَقَا الْبَابَ وَقَدَّتْ قَمِيصَه ُُ مِنْ دُبُر ٍ وَأَلْفَيَا سَيِّدَهَا لَدَى الْبَابِ قَالَتْ مَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ أَرَادَ بِأَهْلِكَ سُوءا ً إِلاَّ أَنْ يُسْجَنَ أَوْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيم ٌ
Wa Astabaqā Al-Bāba Wa Qaddat Qamīşahu Min Duburin Wa 'Alfayā Sayyidahā Ladá Al-Bābi Qālat Mā Jazā'u Man 'Arāda Bi'ahlika Sū'āan 'Illā 'An Yusjana 'Aw `Adhābun 'Alīmun
And as they rushed towards the door, she tore his shirt from behind; and they found her master at the door. She said: "What is the punishment for he who wanted evil for your family? Is it not that he be imprisoned or punished painfully?"
36:66
وَلَوْ نَشَاءُ لَطَمَسْنَا عَلَى أَعْيُنِهِمْ فَاسْتَبَقُوا الصِّرَاطَ فَأَنَّى يُبْصِرُونَ
Wa Law Nashā'u Laţamasnā `Alá 'A`yunihim Fāstabaqū Aş-Şirāţa Fa'anná Yubşirūna
And if We wished, We can blind their eyes, and they would race towards the path, but how would they see?
impf. act.
12:17
قَالُوا يَا أَبَانَا إِنَّا ذَهَبْنَا نَسْتَبِقُ وَتَرَكْنَا يُوسُفَ عِنْدَ مَتَاعِنَا فَأَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ وَمَا أَنْتَ بِمُؤْمِن ٍ لَنَا وَلَوْ كُنَّا صَادِقِينَ
Qālū Yā 'Abānā 'Innā Dhahabnā Nastabiqu Wa Taraknā Yūsufa `Inda Matā`inā Fa'akalahu Adh-Dhi'bu Wa Mā 'Anta Bimu'uminin Lanā Wa Law Kunnā Şādiqīna
They said: "Our father, we went to race and left Joseph by our things, and the wolf ate him! But you would not believe us even if we were truthful."
impv.
2:148
وَلِكُلّ ٍ وِجْهَةٌ هُوَ مُوَلِّيهَا فَاسْتَبِقُوا الْخَيْرَاتِ أَيْنَ مَا تَكُونُوا يَأْتِ بِكُمُ اللَّهُ جَمِيعا ً إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْء ٍ قَدِير ٌ
Wa Likullin Wijhatun Huwa Muwallīhā Fāstabiqū Al-Khayrāti 'Ayna Mā Takūnū Ya'ti Bikumu Allāhu Jamī`āan 'Inna Allāha `Alá Kulli Shay'in Qadīrun
And to each is a direction that he will take, so you shall race towards good deeds. Wherever you may be, God will bring you all together. God is capable of all things.
5:48
وَأَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقا ً لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَمُهَيْمِناً عَلَيْهِ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ وَلاَ تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ عَمَّا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ لِكُلّ ٍ جَعَلْنَا مِنْكُمْ شِرْعَة ً وَمِنْهَاجا ً وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّة ً وَاحِدَة ً وَلَكِنْ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ فِي مَا آتَاكُمْ فَاسْتَبِقُوا الْخَيْرَاتِ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعا ً فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنتُمْ فِيه ِِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ
Wa 'Anzalnā 'Ilayka Al-Kitāba Bil-Ĥaqqi Muşaddiqāan Limā Bayna Yadayhi Mina Al-Kitābi Wa Muhaymināan `Alayhi Fāĥkum Baynahum Bimā 'Anzala Allāhu Wa Lā Tattabi` 'Ahwā'ahum `Ammā Jā'aka Mina Al-Ĥaqqi Likullin Ja`alnā Minkum Shir`atan Wa Minhājāan Wa Law Shā'a Allāhu Laja`alakum 'Ummatan Wāĥidatan Wa Lakin Liyabluwakum Fī Mā 'Ātākum Fāstabiqū Al-Khayrāti 'Ilá Allāhi Marji`ukum Jamī`āan Fayunabbi'ukum Bimā Kuntum Fīhi Takhtalifūna
And We have sent down to you the Book with the truth, authenticating what is between your hands of the Book and superseding it. So judge between them by what God has sent down, and do not follow their desires from what has come to you of the truth. For each of you We have made laws, and a structure; and if God had willed, He would have made you all one nation, but He tests you with what He has given you; so strive to do good. To God you will return all of you, and He will inform you regarding that in which you dispute.
Acknowledgements:
IslamAwakened would like to thank all those who made these Root Pages possible.
In their formulation we have drawn from the work of ...
Hans Wehr
Dr. Laleh Bakhtiar
All the believers at www.studyquran.org