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Nun-Fa-Ra
to run away from fight, go forth from any business (as from war), march, grow wild, restive.
nafara
vb. (1) perf. act.
9:122
وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنفِرُوا كَافَّة ً فَلَوْلاَ نَفَرَ مِنْ كُلِّ فِرْقَة ٍ مِنْهُمْ طَائِفَة ٌ لِيَتَفَقَّهُوا فِي الدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُوا قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ
Wa Mā Kāna Al-Mu'uminūna Liyanfirū Kāffatan Falawlā Nafara Min Kulli Firqatin Minhum Ţā'ifatun Liyatafaqqahū Fī Ad-Dīni Wa Liyundhirū Qawmahum 'Idhā Raja`ū 'Ilayhim La`allahum Yaĥdharūna
And it is not advisable for the believers to mobilize in their entirety. For every battalion that marches out, let a group remain to study the system, and warn their people when they return to them, perhaps they will be aware.
impf. act.
9:39
إِلاَّ تَنفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَاباً أَلِيما ً وَيَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْماً غَيْرَكُمْ وَلاَ تَضُرُّوه ُُ شَيْئا ً وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْء ٍ قَدِير ٌ
'Illā Tanfirū Yu`adhdhibkum `Adhābāan 'Alīmāan Wa Yastabdil Qawmāan Ghayrakum Wa Lā TaĐurrūhu Shay'āan Wa Allāhu `Alá Kulli Shay'in Qadīrun
If you do not mobilize, then He will punish you with a painful retribution, and He will replace you with another people, and you do not bother Him in the least. God is capable of all things.
9:81
فَرِحَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ بِمَقْعَدِهِمْ خِلاَفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَكَرِهُوا أَنْ يُجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَقَالُوا لاَ تَنفِرُوا فِي الْحَرِّ قُلْ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرّا ً لَوْ كَانُوا يَفْقَهُونَ
Fariĥa Al-Mukhallafūna Bimaq`adihim Khilāfa Rasūli Allāhi Wa Karihū 'An Yujāhidū Bi'amwālihim Wa 'Anfusihim Fī Sabīli Allāhi Wa Qālū Lā Tanfirū Fī Al-Ĥarri Qul Nāru Jahannama 'Ashaddu Ĥarrāan Law Kānū Yafqahūna
Those who have remained are happy with their position of lagging behind the messenger of God, and they disliked striving with their money and lives in the cause of God; and they say: "Do not mobilize in the heat." Say: "The fire of Hell is much hotter," if they could only understand.
9:122
وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنفِرُوا كَافَّة ً فَلَوْلاَ نَفَرَ مِنْ كُلِّ فِرْقَة ٍ مِنْهُمْ طَائِفَة ٌ لِيَتَفَقَّهُوا فِي الدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُوا قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ
Wa Mā Kāna Al-Mu'uminūna Liyanfirū Kāffatan Falawlā Nafara Min Kulli Firqatin Minhum Ţā'ifatun Liyatafaqqahū Fī Ad-Dīni Wa Liyundhirū Qawmahum 'Idhā Raja`ū 'Ilayhim La`allahum Yaĥdharūna
And it is not advisable for the believers to mobilize in their entirety. For every battalion that marches out, let a group remain to study the system, and warn their people when they return to them, perhaps they will be aware.
impv.
4:71
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا خُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ فَانفِرُوا ثُبَاتٍ أَوْ انفِرُوا جَمِيعا ً
Yā 'Ayyuhā Al-Ladhīna 'Āmanū Khudhū Ĥidhrakum Fānfirū Thubātin 'Aw Anfirū Jamī`āan
O you who believe, take your precaution by going out in clusters, or going out all together.
4:71
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا خُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ فَانفِرُوا ثُبَاتٍ أَوْ انفِرُوا جَمِيعا ً
Yā 'Ayyuhā Al-Ladhīna 'Āmanū Khudhū Ĥidhrakum Fānfirū Thubātin 'Aw Anfirū Jamī`āan
O you who believe, take your precaution by going out in clusters, or going out all together.
9:38
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَا لَكُمْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمْ انفِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ اثَّاقَلْتُمْ إِلَى الأَرْضِ أَرَضِيتُمْ بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الآخِرَةِ فَمَا مَتَاعُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فِي الآخِرَةِ إِلاَّ قَلِيل ٌ
Yā 'Ayyuhā Al-Ladhīna 'Āmanū Mā Lakum 'Idhā Qīla Lakum Anfirū Fī Sabīli Allāhi Aththāqaltum 'Ilá Al-'ArĐi 'AraĐītum Bil-Ĥayāati Ad-Dunyā Mina Al-'Ākhirati Famā Matā`u Al-Ĥayāati Ad-Dunyā Fī Al-'Ākhirati 'Illā Qalīlun
O you who believe, what is wrong with you when you are told: "Mobilize in the cause of God," you become heavy on the earth. Have you become content with this worldly life over the Hereafter? The enjoyment of this worldly life compared to the Hereafter is nothing.
9:41
انفِرُوا خِفَافا ً وَثِقَالا ً وَجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنفُسِكُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكُمْ خَيْر ٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
Anfirū Khifāfāan Wa Thiqālāan Wa Jāhidū Bi'amwālikum Wa 'Anfusikum Fī Sabīli Allāhi Dhālikum Khayrun Lakum 'In Kuntum Ta`lamūna
Mobilize in light gear or heavy gear, and strive with your money and lives in the cause of God. That is best if only you knew.
n.vb.
17:41
وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَا فِي هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ لِيَذَّكَّرُوا وَمَا يَزِيدُهُمْ إِلاَّ نُفُورا ً
Wa Laqad Şarrafnā Fī Hādhā Al-Qur'āni Liyadhdhakkarū Wa Mā Yazīduhum 'Illā Nufūrāan
And We have dispatched in this Qur'an that they may remember, but it only increases their aversion!
17:46
وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً أَنْ يَفْقَهُوه ُُ وَفِي آذَانِهِمْ وَقْرا ً وَإِذَا ذَكَرْتَ رَبَّكَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَحْدَه ُُ وَلَّوْا عَلَى أَدْبَارِهِمْ نُفُورا ً
Wa Ja`alnā `Alá Qulūbihim 'Akinnatan 'An Yafqahūhu Wa Fī 'Ādhānihim Waqrāan Wa 'Idhā Dhakarta Rabbaka Fī Al-Qur'āni Waĥdahu Wa Llaw `Alá 'Adbārihim Nufūrāan
And we place shields over their hearts, that they should not understand it, and a deafness in their ears. And if you mention your Lord in the Qur'an alone, they run away turning their backs in aversion.
25:60
وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ اسْجُدُوا لِلرَّحْمَنِ قَالُوا وَمَا الرَّحْمَنُ أَنَسْجُدُ لِمَا تَأْمُرُنَا وَزَادَهُمْ نُفُورا ً
Wa 'Idhā Qīla Lahum Asjudū Lilrraĥmani Qālū Wa Mā Ar-Raĥmānu 'Anasjudu Limā Ta'murunā Wa Zādahum Nufūrāan
And if they are told: "Prostrate to the Almighty." They say: "And what is the Almighty? Shall we prostrate to what you order us?" And it increases their aversion.
35:42
وَأَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ لَئِنْ جَاءَهُمْ نَذِير ٌ لَيَكُونُنَّ أَهْدَى مِنْ إِحْدَى الأُمَمِ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ نَذِير ٌ مَا زَادَهُمْ إِلاَّ نُفُورا ً
Wa 'Aqsamū Billāhi Jahda 'Aymānihim La'in Jā'ahum Nadhīrun Layakūnunna 'Ahdá Min 'Iĥdá Al-'Umami Falammā Jā'ahum Nadhīrun Mā Zādahum 'Illā Nufūrāan
And they swore by God in their strongest oaths, that if a warner came to them, they would be the most guided of all nations, but when a warner came to them, it only increased their aversion!
67:21
أَمَّنْ هَذَا الَّذِي يَرْزُقُكُمْ إِنْ أَمْسَكَ رِزْقَه ُُ بَلْ لَجُّوا فِي عُتُوّ ٍ وَنُفُور ٍ
'Amman Hādhā Al-Ladhī Yarzuqukum 'In 'Amsaka Rizqahu Bal Lajjū Fī `Utūwin Wa Nufūrin
Where is this who can give you provisions if He holds back His provisions? Indeed, they have plunged deep into transgression and aversion.
nafar
n.m.
18:34
وَكَانَ لَه ُُ ثَمَر ٌ فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِه ِِ وَهُوَ يُحَاوِرُهُ~ُ أَنَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْكَ مَالا ً وَأَعَزُّ نَفَرا ً
Wa Kāna Lahu Thamarun Faqāla Lişāĥibihi Wa Huwa Yuĥāwiruhu 'Anā 'Aktharu Minka Mālāan Wa 'A`azzu Nafarāan
And he had fruit, so he said to his friend while discussing with him: "I am better off than you financially, and of great influence."
46:29
وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَا إِلَيْكَ نَفَرا ً مِنَ الْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقُرْآنَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوه ُُ قَالُوا أَنْصِتُوا فَلَمَّا قُضِيَ وَلَّوْا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ مُنْذِرِينَ
Wa 'Idh Şarafnā 'Ilayka Nafarāan Mina Al-Jinni Yastami`ūna Al-Qur'āna Falammā ĤaĐarūhu Qālū 'Anşitū Falammā QuĐiya Wa Llaw 'Ilá Qawmihim Mundhirīna
And We directed to you a company of Jinn, in order to let them listen to the Quran. So when they arrived there, they said: Pay attention. Then, when it was finished, they returned to their people, to warn them.
72:1
قُلْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ اسْتَمَعَ نَفَر ٌ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَقَالُوا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا قُرْآناً عَجَبا ً
Qul 'Ūĥiya 'Ilayya 'Annahu Astama`a Nafarun Mina Al-Jinni Faqālū 'Innā Sami`nā Qur'ānāan `Ajabāan
Say: It has been inspired to me that a group of Jinn were listening. They said: We have heard a magnificent Quran!
nafir
n.m.
17:6
ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَا لَكُمُ الْكَرَّةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَمْدَدْنَاكُمْ بِأَمْوَال ٍ وَبَنِينَ وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ أَكْثَرَ نَفِيرا ً
Thumma Radadnā Lakumu Al-Karrata `Alayhim Wa 'Amdadnākum Bi'amwālin Wa Banīna Wa Ja`alnākum 'Akthara Nafīrāan
Then We gave back to you your independence from them, and We supplied you with wealth and sons, and We made you more influential.
istanfara
vb. (10) pcple. act.
74:50
كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُر ٌ مُسْتَنْفِرَة ٌ
Ka'annahum Ĥumurun Mustanfirahun
They are like fleeing zebras.
Acknowledgements:
IslamAwakened would like to thank all those who made these Root Pages possible.
In their formulation we have drawn from the work of ...
Hans Wehr Dr. Laleh Bakhtiar All the believers at www.studyquran.org