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Ayn-Shiin-Ra
to take away a tenth part, make ten by adding one to nine, be the tenth.
ashrun/asharun (f.), asharatun/ashratun (m.)
ten, decade, period from three to ten. After twenty there is no difference between feminine and masculine.
ashara
to consort, live with, cultivate one's society, become familiar.
ashirun
companion
ashiratun
kindred
ma'sharun
company, race, multitude, who live in close communion with (pl. ashair).
ashir
n.m.
22:13
يَدْعُوا لَمَنْ ضَرُّهُ~ُ أَقْرَبُ مِنْ نَفْعِه ِِ لَبِئْسَ الْمَوْلَى وَلَبِئْسَ الْعَشِيرُ
Yad`ū Laman Đarruhu 'Aqrabu Min Naf`ihi Labi'sa Al-Mawlá Wa Labi'sa Al-`Ashīru
He calls on those who harm him more than they benefit him. What a miserable patron, and what a miserable companion.
ashirah
n.f.
9:24
قُلْ إِنْ كَانَ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ وَإِخْوَانُكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجُكُمْ وَعَشِيرَتُكُمْ وَأَمْوَال ٌ اقْتَرَفْتُمُوهَا وَتِجَارَة ٌ تَخْشَوْنَ كَسَادَهَا وَمَسَاكِنُ تَرْضَوْنَهَا أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِه ِِ وَجِهَاد ٍ فِي سَبِيلِه ِِ فَتَرَبَّصُوا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ اللَّهُ بِأَمْرِه ِِ وَاللَّهُ لاَ يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفَاسِقِينَ
Qul 'In Kāna 'Ābā'uukum Wa 'Abnā'uukum Wa 'Ikhwānukum Wa 'Azwājukum Wa `Ashīratukum Wa 'Amwālun Aqtaraftumūhā Wa Tijāratun Takhshawna Kasādahā Wa Masākinu TarĐawnahā 'Aĥabba 'Ilaykum Mina Allāhi Wa Rasūlihi Wa Jihādin Fī Sabīlihi Fatarabbaşū Ĥattá Ya'tiya Allāhu Bi'amrihi Wa Allāhu Lā Yahdī Al-Qawma Al-Fāsiqīna
Say: "If your fathers, and your sons, and your brothers, and your wives, and your kin, and money which you have gathered, and a trade which you would be concerned over its decline, and homes which you find pleasing; if these are dearer to you than God and His messenger and striving in His cause, then wait until God brings His decision. And God does not guide the wicked people."
26:214
وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الأَقْرَبِينَ
Wa 'Andhir `Ashīrataka Al-'Aqrabīna
And warn your closest kin.
58:22
لاَ تَجِدُ قَوْما ً يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَه ُُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَانَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُوْلَائِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الإِيمَانَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوح ٍ مِنْهُ وَيُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّات ٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ أُوْلَائِكَ حِزْبُ اللَّهِ أَلاَ إِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْمُفْلِح
Lā Tajidu Qawmāan Yu'uminūna Billāhi Wa Al-Yawmi Al-'Ākhiri Yuwāddūna Man Ĥādda Allāha Wa Rasūlahu Wa Law Kānū 'Ābā'ahum 'Aw 'Abnā'ahum 'Aw 'Ikhwānahum 'Aw `Ashīratahum 'Ūlā'ika Kataba Fī Qulūbihimu Al-'Īmāna Wa 'Ayyadahum Birūĥin Minhu Wa Yudkhiluhum Jannātin Tajrī Min Taĥtihā Al-'Anhāru Khālidīna Fīhā RaĐiya Allāhu `Anhum Wa RaĐū `Anhu 'Ūlā'ika Ĥizbu Allāhi 'Alā 'Inna Ĥizba Allāhi Humu Al-Mufliĥūna
You will not find any people who believe in God and the Last Day leaning towards those who oppose God and His messenger, even if they were their parents, or their children, or their siblings, or their kin. For these, He decrees faith into their hearts, and supports them with a Spirit from Him, and He admits them into estates with rivers flowing beneath them; abiding therein. God is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him. These are the party of God. Most assuredly, the party of God are the winners.
ashr
n.m. (num. f. asharah)
2:196
وَأَتِمُّوا الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ فَإِنْ أُحْصِرْتُمْ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ وَلاَ تَحْلِقُوا رُءُوسَكُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْيُ مَحِلَّه ُُ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضاً أَوْ بِهِ~ِ أَذى ً مِنْ رَأْسِه ِِ فَفِدْيَة ٌ مِنْ صِيَامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُك ٍ فَإِذَا أَمِنتُمْ فَمَنْ تَمَتَّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَمَا اسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ الْهَدْيِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّام ٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَة ٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ تِلْكَ عَشَرَة ٌ كَامِلَة ٌ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُه ُُ حَاضِرِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ
Wa 'Atimmū Al-Ĥajja Wa Al-`Umrata Lillāhi Fa'in 'Uĥşirtum Famā Astaysara Mina Al-Hadyi Wa Lā Taĥliqū Ru'ūsakum Ĥattá Yablugha Al-Hadyu Maĥillahu Faman Kāna Minkum MarīĐāan 'Aw Bihi 'Adháan Min Ra'sihi Fafidyatun Min Şiyāmin 'Aw Şadaqatin 'Aw Nusukin Fa'idhā 'Amintum Faman Tamatta`a Bil-`Umrati 'Ilá Al-Ĥajji Famā Astaysara Mina Al-Hadyi Faman Lam Yajid Faşiyāmu Thalāthati 'Ayyāmin Fī Al-Ĥajji Wa Sab`atin 'Idhā Raja`tum Tilka `Asharatun Kāmilatun Dhālika Liman Lam Yakun 'Ahluhu ĤāĐirī Al-Masjidi Al-Ĥarāmi Wa Attaqū Allāha Wa A`lamū 'Anna Allāha Shadīdu Al-`Iqābi
And complete the Pilgrimage and the visit for God. If you are prevented, then simply provide what offering is affordable; and do not shave your heads until the offering reaches its destination. Whoever among you is ill or has an affliction to his head, then he may redeem by fasting or giving a charity or a rite. If you are secure, then whoever goes to visit, but decides to continue until the Pilgrimage, he shall provide what offering is affordable; but for he who cannot find anything, then he must fast for three days during the Pilgrimage and seven when he returns; this will make a complete ten; this is for those whose family is not resident at the Restricted Temple. And be aware of God, and know that God is severe in retribution.
2:234
وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجا ً يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُر ٍ وَعَشْرا ً فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنفُسِهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِير ٌ
Wa Al-Ladhīna Yutawaffawna Minkum Wa Yadharūna 'Azwājāan Yatarabbaşna Bi'anfusihinna 'Arba`ata 'Ash/hurin Wa `Ashrāan Fa'idhā Balaghna 'Ajalahunna Falā Junāĥa `Alaykum Fīmā Fa`alna Fī 'Anfusihinna Bil-Ma`rūfi Wa Allāhu Bimā Ta`malūna Khabīrun
And for those of you whose lives are terminated and they leave widows behind, then their widows will have a required interim period of four months and ten. So when they reach their required interim, then there is no sin upon you for what they do with themselves in goodness. And God is Expert to what you do.
5:89
لاَ يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ يُؤَاخِذُكُمْ بِمَا عَقَّدْتُمُ الإِيْمَانَ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ~ُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَة ٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّام ٍ ذَلِكَ كَفَّارَةُ أَيْمَانِكُمْ إِذَا حَلَفْتُمْ وَاحْفَظُوا أَيْمَانَكُمْ كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ آيَاتِه ِِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ
Lā Yu'uākhidhukumu Allāhu Bil-Laghwi Fī 'Aymānikum Wa Lakin Yu'uākhidhukum Bimā `Aqqadtumu Al-'Īmāna Fakaffāratuhu 'Iţ`āmu `Asharati Masākīna Min 'Awsaţi Mā Tuţ`imūna 'Ahlīkum 'Aw Kiswatuhum 'Aw Taĥrīru Raqabatin Faman Lam Yajid Faşiyāmu Thalāthati 'Ayyāmin Dhālika Kaffāratu 'Aymānikum 'Idhā Ĥalaftum Wa Aĥfažū 'Aymānakum Kadhālika Yubayyinu Allāhu Lakum 'Āyātihi La`allakum Tashkurūna
God will not hold you for your casual oaths, but He will hold you for what oaths you have made binding; its cancellation shall be the feeding of ten poor from the average of what you feed your family, or that you clothe them, or that you free a slave; whoever cannot find such shall fast for three days; this is a cancellation for making your oaths when you swear. And be careful from making oaths. It is such that God clarifies for you His revelations that you may be thankful.
6:160
مَنْ جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَه ُُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا وَمَنْ جَاءَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ فَلاَ يُجْزَى إِلاَّ مِثْلَهَا وَهُمْ لاَ يُظْلَمُونَ
Man Jā'a Bil-Ĥasanati Falahu `Ashru 'Amthālihā Wa Man Jā'a Bis-Sayyi'ati Falā Yujzá 'Illā Mithlahā Wa Hum Lā Yužlamūna
Whoever comes with a good deed, he will receive ten times its worth, and whoever comes with a sin, he will only be recompensed its like; they will not be wronged.
7:142
وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَى ثَلاَثِينَ لَيْلَة ً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعَشْر ٍ فَتَمَّ مِيقَاتُ رَبِّهِ~ِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَة ً وَقَالَ مُوسَى لِأخِيه ِِ هَارُونَ اخْلُفْنِي فِي قَوْمِي وَأَصْلِحْ وَلاَ تَتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ
Wa Wā`adnā Mūsá Thalāthīna Laylatan Wa 'Atmamnāhā Bi`ashrin Fatamma Mīqātu Rabbihi 'Arba`īna Laylatan Wa Qāla Mūsá Li'khīhi Hārūna Akhlufnī Fī Qawmī Wa 'Aşliĥ Wa Lā Tattabi` Sabīla Al-Mufsidīna
And We appointed for Moses thirty nights and completed them with ten, so the appointed time of his Lord was completed at forty nights. And Moses said to his brother Aaron: "Be my successor with my people and be upright, and do not follow the path of the corrupters."
11:13
أَمْ يَقُولُونَ افْتَرَاه ُُ قُلْ فَأْتُوا بِعَشْرِ سُوَر ٍ مِثْلِه ِِ مُفْتَرَيَات ٍ وَادْعُوا مَنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ
'Am Yaqūlūna Aftarāhu Qul Fa'tū Bi`ashri Suwarin Mithlihi Muftarayātin Wa Ad`ū Mani Astaţa`tum Min Dūni Allāhi 'In Kuntum Şādiqīna
Or do they say: "He has invented it!" Say: "Then bring ten invented chapters like it, and call on whom you can besides God if you are truthful."
20:103
يَتَخَافَتُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ إِنْ لَبِثْتُمْ إِلاَّ عَشْرا ً
Yatakhāfatūna Baynahum 'In Labithtum 'Illā `Ashrāan
They whisper among themselves: "You have only been away for a period of ten."
28:27
قَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ابْنَتَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ عَلَى أَنْ تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمَانِيَةَ حِجَج ٍ فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْرا ً فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَيْكَ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Qāla 'Innī 'Urīdu 'An 'Unkiĥaka 'Iĥdá Abnatayya Hātayni `Alá 'An Ta'juranī Thamāniyata Ĥijajin Fa'in 'Atmamta `Ashrāan Famin `Indika Wa Mā 'Urīdu 'An 'Ashuqqa `Alayka Satajidunī 'In Shā'a Allāhu Mina Aş-Şāliĥīna
He said: "I wish you to marry one of my two daughters, on condition that you work for me through eight pilgrimage periods; if you complete them to ten, it will be voluntary on your part. I do not wish to make this matter too difficult for you. You will find me, God willing, of the righteous."
89:2
وَلَيَالٍ عَشْر ٍ
Wa Layālin `Ashrin
And ten nights.
ishar
n.f. (pl. of ushra)
81:4
وَإِذَا الْعِشَارُ عُطِّلَتْ
Wa 'Idhā Al-`Ishāru `Uţţilat
And when the reproduction is ended.
ishrun
n.m. num.
8:65
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ حَرِّضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى الْقِتَالِ إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ وَإِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ مِائَة ٌ يَغْلِبُوا أَلْفا ً مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْم ٌ لاَ يَفْقَهُونَ
Yā 'Ayyuhā An-Nabīyu ĤarriĐi Al-Mu'uminīna `Alá Al-Qitāli 'In Yakun Minkum `Ishrūna Şābirūna Yaghlibū Miā'atayni Wa 'In Yakun Minkum Miā'atun Yaghlibū 'Alfāan Mina Al-Ladhīna Kafarū Bi'annahum Qawmun Lā Yafqahūna
O prophet, urge the believers to fight. If there are twenty of you who are patient, they will defeat two hundred. And if there are one hundred of you, they will defeat one thousand from among those who reject; that is because they are a people who do not understand.
ma'shar
n.m.
6:128
وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعا ً يَا مَعْشَرَ الْجِنِّ قَدِ اسْتَكْثَرْتُمْ مِنَ الإِنسِ وَقَالَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُمْ مِنَ الإِنسِ رَبَّنَا اسْتَمْتَعَ بَعْضُنَا بِبَعْض ٍ وَبَلَغْنَا أَجَلَنَا الَّذِي أَجَّلْتَ لَنَا قَالَ النَّارُ مَثْوَاكُمْ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا إِلاَّ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيم ٌ
Wa Yawma Yaĥshuruhum Jamī`āan Yā Ma`shara Al-Jinni Qadi Astakthartum Mina Al-'Insi Wa Qāla 'Awliyā'uuhum Mina Al-'Insi Rabbanā Astamta`a Ba`Đunā Biba`Đin Wa Balaghnā 'Ajalanā Al-Ladhī 'Ajjalta Lanā Qāla An-Nāru Mathwākum Khālidīna Fīhā 'Illā Mā Shā'a Allāhu 'Inna Rabbaka Ĥakīmun `Alīmun
And the Day We gather them all: "O assembly of Jinn, you have managed to take many from mankind." Their supporters from mankind said: "Our Lord, we have indeed enjoyed one another, and we have reached our destiny to which You delayed us." He said: "The Fire is your dwelling, abiding therein, except as your Lord wishes." Your Lord is Wise, Knowledgeable.
6:130
يَامَعْشَرَ الْجِنِّ وَالإِنسِ أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ رُسُل ٌ مِنْكُمْ يَقُصُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ آيَاتِي وَيُنذِرُونَكُمْ لِقَاءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا قَالُوا شَهِدْنَا عَلَى أَنفُسِنَا وَغَرَّتْهُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا وَشَهِدُوا عَلَى أَنفُسِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا كَافِرِينَ
Yā Ma`shara Al-Jinni Wa Al-'Insi 'Alam Ya'tikum Rusulun Minkum Yaquşşūna `Alaykum 'Āyā Tī Wa Yundhirūnakum Liqā'a Yawmikum Hādhā Qālū Shahidnā `Alá 'Anfusinā Wa Gharrat/humu Al-Ĥayā Atu Ad-Dunyā Wa Shahidū `Alá 'Anfusihim 'Annahum Kānū Kāfirīna
"O assembly of Jinn and mankind, did not messengers come to you from among you and tell to you My revelations, and warn you of the meeting of this Day?" They said: "Yes, we bear witness upon ourselves;" and the worldly life deceived them, and they bore witness upon themselves that they were rejecters.
55:33
يَامَعْشَرَ الْجِنِّ وَالإِنسِ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَنْ تَنفُذُوا مِنْ أَقْطَارِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ فَانفُذُوا لاَ تَنفُذُونَ إِلاَّ بِسُلْطَان ٍ
Yā Ma`shara Al-Jinni Wa Al-'Insi 'Ini Astaţa`tum 'An Tanfudhū Min 'Aqţāri As-Samāwāti Wa Al-'ArĐi Fānfudhū Lā Tanfudhūna 'Illā Bisulţānin
O assembly of Jinn and mankind, if you can penetrate the boundaries of the heavens and the earth, then go ahead and penetrate. You will not penetrate without might.
mi'shar
n.m. num.
34:45
وَكَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَمَا بَلَغُوا مِعْشَارَ مَا آتَيْنَاهُمْ فَكَذَّبُوا رُسُلِي فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ
Wa Kadhdhaba Al-Ladhīna Min Qablihim Wa Mā Balaghū Mi`shāra Mā 'Ātaynāhum Fakadhdhabū Rusulī Fakayfa Kāna Nakīri
And those before them had also denied, while they did not reach one tenth of what We had given them, but they denied My messengers; so how was My retribution?
ashara
vb. (3) impv.
4:19
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَرِثُوا النِسَاء كَرْها ً وَلاَ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذْهَبُوا بِبَعْضِ مَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَة ٍ مُبَيِّنَة ٍ وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِنْ كَرِهْتُمُوهُنَّ فَعَسَى أَنْ تَكْرَهُوا شَيْئا ً وَيَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيه ِِ خَيْرا ً كَثِيرا ً
Yā 'Ayyuhā Al-Ladhīna 'Āmanū Lā Yaĥillu Lakum 'An Tarithū An-Nisā' Karhāan Wa Lā Ta`Đulūhunna Litadh/habū Biba`Đi Mā 'Ātaytumūhunna 'Illā 'An Ya'tīna Bifāĥishatin Mubayyinatin Wa `Āshirūhunna Bil-Ma`rūfi Fa'in Karihtumūhunna Fa`asá 'An Takrahū Shay'āan Wa Yaj`ala Allāhu Fīhi Khayrāan Kathīrāan
O you who believe, it is not lawful for you to inherit from the women by force. And do not make difficulty for them so that you may take away some of what you have given them, unless they commit a clear lewdness. And live with them in kindness. If you dislike them, then perhaps you dislike something while God makes in it much good.
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In their formulation we have drawn from the work of ...
Hans Wehr Dr. Laleh Bakhtiar All the believers at www.studyquran.org